| Source | 2011 - Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation |
| 2023 - Report Of The Technical Group On Population Proiecttons (page no 83) | |
| Date | 05 Feb 2025 |
Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India, with an estimated population of 24.13 crore in 2025. Uttar Pradesh accounts for almost 17 percent of the total country population. Bihar has overtaken Maharashtra as the second-largest state by population, with close to 131 million people living here. Four states have a population of more than 10 crore. 19 states and two union territories have a population of over 10 million. Delhi (2.23 crore) is the largest union territory in India in terms of population.
Almost half of the country's population lives in the five most populous states: Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, West Bengal, and Madhya Pradesh. The ten most populated states in India contribute 74% of India's population. 12 least populous states or UTs contribute only 1% of India's population, and 21 least populous states or UTs constitute only 10% of the total.
The population of the biggest state, Uttar Pradesh, is close to the population of Nigeria, the sixth-most populous country in the world. The populations of 2nd-ranked Bihar and 3rd-ranked Maharashtra are equivalent to those of Mexico. Eight states have a population more than 20th-ranked in the world. 15 states are among the top 50 countries.
Sikkim (703,000) is the smallest state, and Lakshadweep (69,000) is the smallest union territory in India based on population.
Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu have the highest population growth rate in 2024 of 6.63%, followed by Puducherry and Delhi. Among states, Bihar has the highest population growth rate in 2024, at 1.42%, followed by Jharkhand and Gujarat. Tamil Nadu has the lowest growth rate among the states.
| Code | Rank | State/UT | Population | Growth (2025) | Share (%) | Country | W rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2025 | Absolute | % | 2025 | |||||
| DL | UT1 | Delhi | 21,884,000 | 22,277,000 | 393,000 | 1.80 | 1.57 | Malawi | 62 |
| HR | 17 | Haryana | 30,694,000 | 31,057,000 | 363,000 | 1.18 | 2.19 | Cameroon | 51 |
| KL | 15 | Kerala | 35,967,000 | 36,111,000 | 144,000 | 0.40 | 2.55 | Malaysia | 44 |
| HP | 20 | Himachal Pradesh | 7,518,000 | 7,555,000 | 37,000 | 0.49 | 0.53 | Turkmenistan | 105 |
| PB | 16 | Punjab | 30,992,000 | 31,188,000 | 196,000 | 0.63 | 2.20 | Cameroon | 51 |
| TG | 13 | Telangana | 38,317,000 | 38,499,000 | 182,000 | 0.47 | 2.72 | Morocco | 41 |
| GA | 26 | Goa | 1,585,000 | 1,593,000 | 8,000 | 0.50 | 0.11 | Bahrain | 155 |
| UT | 19 | Uttarakhand | 11,795,000 | 11,913,000 | 118,000 | 1.00 | 0.84 | Haiti | 82 |
| CH | UT5 | Chandigarh | 1,247,000 | 1,259,000 | 12,000 | 0.96 | 0.09 | Eswatini | 160 |
| GJ | 8 | Gujarat | 72,653,000 | 73,513,000 | 860,000 | 1.18 | 5.19 | Thailand | 20 |
| LD | UT8 | Lakshadweep | 69,000 | 69,000 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Dominica | 206 |
| TN | 7 | Tamil Nadu | 77,165,000 | 77,394,000 | 229,000 | 0.30 | 5.46 | Thailand | 20 |
| DNDD | UT4 | Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | 1,387,000 | 1,479,000 | 92,000 | 6.63 | 0.10 | Trinidad and Tobago | 156 |
| CT | 18 | Chhattisgarh | 30,638,000 | 30,982,000 | 344,000 | 1.12 | 2.19 | Cameroon | 51 |
| AN | UT6 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 404,000 | 405,000 | 1,000 | 0.25 | 0.03 | Bahamas | 178 |
| MH | 3 | Maharashtra | 127,684,000 | 128,659,000 | 975,000 | 0.76 | 9.08 | Mexico | 12 |
| KA | 9 | Karnataka | 68,256,000 | 68,679,000 | 423,000 | 0.62 | 4.85 | United Kingdom | 23 |
| WB | 4 | West Bengal | 99,723,000 | 100,202,000 | 479,000 | 0.48 | 7.07 | Viet Nam | 17 |
| OR | 11 | Odisha | 46,663,000 | 46,953,000 | 290,000 | 0.62 | 3.31 | Iraq | 35 |
| PY | UT3 | Puducherry | 1,695,000 | 1,732,000 | 37,000 | 2.18 | 0.12 | Kosovo (under UNSC res. 1244) | 153 |
| AP | 10 | Andhra Pradesh | 53,402,000 | 53,586,000 | 184,000 | 0.34 | 3.78 | Colombia | 28 |
| JH | 12 | Jharkhand | 40,129,000 | 40,626,000 | 497,000 | 1.24 | 2.87 | Canada | 38 |
| MZ | 27 | Mizoram | 1,252,000 | 1,264,000 | 12,000 | 0.96 | 0.09 | Mauritius | 160 |
| TR | 21 | Tripura | 4,194,000 | 4,232,000 | 38,000 | 0.91 | 0.30 | Panama | 130 |
| MP | 5 | Madhya Pradesh | 87,954,000 | 88,985,000 | 1,031,000 | 1.17 | 6.28 | Türkiye | 18 |
| UP | 1 | Uttar Pradesh | 238,875,000 | 241,265,000 | 2,390,000 | 1.00 | 17.02 | Nigeria | 6 |
| RJ | 6 | Rajasthan | 82,188,000 | 83,060,000 | 872,000 | 1.06 | 5.86 | Germany | 20 |
| SK | 28 | Sikkim | 697,000 | 703,000 | 6,000 | 0.86 | 0.05 | China, Macao SAR | 169 |
| BR | 2 | Bihar | 129,205,000 | 131,041,000 | 1,836,000 | 1.42 | 9.24 | Mexico | 12 |
| MN | 23 | Manipur | 3,260,000 | 3,289,000 | 29,000 | 0.89 | 0.23 | Puerto Rico | 135 |
| AR | 25 | Arunachal Pradesh | 1,580,000 | 1,594,000 | 14,000 | 0.89 | 0.11 | Bahrain | 155 |
| JK | UT2 | Jammu & Kashmir | 13,733,000 | 13,831,000 | 98,000 | 0.71 | 0.98 | Burundi | 79 |
| LK | UT7 | Ladakh | 302,000 | 304,000 | 2,000 | 0.66 | 0.02 | New Caledonia | 185 |
| NL | 24 | Nagaland | 2,258,000 | 2,279,000 | 21,000 | 0.93 | 0.16 | Guinea-Bissau | 148 |
| ML | 22 | Meghalaya | 3,387,000 | 3,417,000 | 30,000 | 0.89 | 0.24 | Uruguay | 134 |
| AS | 14 | Assam | 36,159,000 | 36,493,000 | 334,000 | 0.92 | 2.57 | Malaysia | 44 |
| India | 1,404,910,000 | 1,417,492,000 | 12,582,000 | 0.90 | 100 | 2 | |||
| Code | State/UT | Population (1901) | Population (1951) | Population (2011) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Rank | Total | Rank | Total | Rank | ||
| AP | Andhra Pradesh | 13,071,874 | 7 | 20,216,637 | 6 | 49,386,799 | 10 |
| TG | Telangana | 5,972,448 | 15 | 10,898,622 | 13 | 35,193,978 | 12 |
| AS | Assam | 3,289,680 | 18 | 8,028,856 | 16 | 31,205,576 | 15 |
| BR | Bihar | 27,311,865 | 2 | 29,085,017 | 4 | 104,099,452 | 3 |
| CT | Chhattisgarh | 4,181,554 | 17 | 7,456,706 | 17 | 25,545,198 | 17 |
| GA | Goa | 475,513 | 21 | 547,448 | 24 | 1,458,545 | 25 |
| GJ | Gujarat | 9,094,748 | 11 | 16,262,657 | 9 | 60,439,692 | 9 |
| HR | Haryana | 4,623,064 | 16 | 5,673,597 | 18 | 25,351,462 | 18 |
| HP | Himachal Pradesh | 1,920,294 | 20 | 2,385,981 | 20 | 6,864,602 | 20 |
| JK | Jammu & Kashmir | 2,078,895 | UT1 | 3,171,512 | UT1 | 12,267,013 | UT2 |
| LK | Ladakh | 60,467 | UT4 | 82,340 | UT5 | 274,289 | UT7 |
| JH | Jharkhand | 6,068,233 | 14 | 9,697,254 | 14 | 32,988,134 | 14 |
| KA | Karnataka | 13,054,754 | 8 | 19,401,956 | 7 | 61,095,297 | 8 |
| KL | Kerala | 6,396,262 | 13 | 13,549,118 | 12 | 33,406,061 | 13 |
| MP | Madhya Pradesh | 16,860,768 | 6 | 18,614,931 | 8 | 72,626,809 | 5 |
| MH | Maharashtra | 19,391,643 | 3 | 32,002,564 | 2 | 112,374,333 | 2 |
| MN | Manipur | 284,465 | 23 | 577,635 | 23 | 2,855,794 | 23 |
| ML | Meghalaya | 340,524 | 22 | 605,674 | 22 | 2,966,889 | 22 |
| MZ | Mizoram | 82,434 | 26 | 196,202 | 26 | 1,097,206 | 27 |
| NL | Nagaland | 101,550 | 25 | 212,975 | 25 | 1,978,502 | 24 |
| OR | Odisha | 10,302,917 | 9 | 14,645,946 | 11 | 41,974,218 | 11 |
| PB | Punjab | 7,544,790 | 12 | 9,160,500 | 15 | 27,743,338 | 16 |
| RJ | Rajasthan | 10,294,090 | 10 | 15,970,774 | 10 | 68,548,437 | 7 |
| SK | Sikkim | 59,014 | 27 | 137,725 | 27 | 610,577 | 28 |
| TN | Tamil Nadu | 19,252,630 | 4 | 30,119,047 | 3 | 72,147,030 | 6 |
| TR | Tripura | 173,325 | 24 | 639,029 | 21 | 3,673,917 | 21 |
| UT | Uttarakhand | 1,979,866 | 19 | 2,945,929 | 19 | 10,086,292 | 19 |
| UP | Uttar Pradesh | 48,627,670 | 1 | 60,273,743 | 1 | 199,812,341 | 1 |
| WB | West Bengal | 16,940,088 | 5 | 26,299,980 | 5 | 91,276,115 | 4 |
| AN | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 24,649 | UT6 | 30,971 | UT6 | 380,581 | UT6 |
| CH | Chandigarh | 21,967 | UT7 | 24,261 | UT7 | 1,055,450 | UT4 |
| DNDD | Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | 56,285 | UT5 | 90,143 | UT4 | 586,956 | UT5 |
| DL | Delhi | 405,819 | UT2 | 1,744,072 | UT2 | 16,787,941 | UT1 |
| LD | Lakshadweep | 13,882 | UT8 | 21,035 | UT8 | 64,473 | UT8 |
| PY | Puducherry | 246,354 | UT3 | 317,253 | UT3 | 1,247,953 | UT3 |
| AR | Arunachal Pradesh | - | - | - | - | 1,383,727 | 26 |