| Source | UN (World Population Prospects 2024) |
| Date | 12 Dec 2024 |
As of 2024, the population of Madagascar is projected at 31.96 million, compared to 31.20 million in 2023. It ranks 49th in the world by population and 15th in Africa. The population growth rate in 2024 is projected at 2.42 percent, the 26th highest among 237 countries and dependent territories.
There are 16.03 million males and 15.93 million females in Madagascar. The percentage of the male population is 50.16%, compared to 49.84% of the female population. Madagascar has 100k more males than females. The sex ratio in Madagascar in 2024 will be 100.628 males per 100 females. Madagascar is in the 169th position in terms of the female-to-male ratio.
| Year | Population | Growth (%) | M per 100 F | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Total | |||
| 1950 | 2,033,877 | 1,922,197 | 3,956,073 | 2.53 | 105.810 |
| 1955 | 2,297,591 | 2,192,521 | 4,490,113 | 2.55 | 104.792 |
| 1960 | 2,603,608 | 2,507,421 | 5,111,029 | 2.62 | 103.836 |
| 1965 | 2,954,204 | 2,864,912 | 5,819,116 | 2.61 | 103.117 |
| 1970 | 3,377,549 | 3,294,454 | 6,672,003 | 2.88 | 102.522 |
| 1975 | 3,909,930 | 3,829,407 | 7,739,336 | 3.02 | 102.103 |
| 1980 | 4,541,503 | 4,464,529 | 9,006,032 | 3.01 | 101.724 |
| 1985 | 5,251,963 | 5,181,180 | 10,433,142 | 2.90 | 101.366 |
| 1990 | 6,057,473 | 5,998,166 | 12,055,639 | 2.98 | 100.989 |
| 1995 | 7,050,226 | 7,001,049 | 14,051,275 | 3.19 | 100.702 |
| 2000 | 8,282,781 | 8,233,558 | 16,516,338 | 3.13 | 100.598 |
| 2005 | 9,609,150 | 9,550,557 | 19,159,707 | 2.94 | 100.614 |
| 2010 | 11,125,386 | 11,057,955 | 22,183,340 | 2.88 | 100.610 |
| 2015 | 12,753,173 | 12,673,530 | 25,426,702 | 2.62 | 100.628 |
| 2020 | 14,523,993 | 14,429,564 | 28,953,556 | 2.54 | 100.654 |
| 2021 | 14,893,095 | 14,797,988 | 29,691,083 | 2.49 | 100.643 |
| 2022 | 15,266,903 | 15,170,358 | 30,437,261 | 2.47 | 100.636 |
| 2023 | 15,646,931 | 15,549,002 | 31,195,932 | 2.45 | 100.630 |
| 2024 | 16,032,529 | 15,932,427 | 31,964,956 | 2.42 | 100.628 |
| 2025 | 16,421,791 | 16,318,887 | 32,740,678 | 2.38 | 100.631 |
| Year | Life expectancy | Median age | Fertility rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 39.658 | 19.676 | 7.431 |
| 1955 | 41.278 | 18.376 | 7.397 |
| 1960 | 43.349 | 16.773 | 7.343 |
| 1965 | 45.447 | 15.456 | 7.171 |
| 1970 | 47.898 | 15.564 | 7.096 |
| 1975 | 49.596 | 15.516 | 6.971 |
| 1980 | 49.984 | 15.362 | 6.838 |
| 1985 | 50.406 | 15.396 | 6.456 |
| 1990 | 52.140 | 15.761 | 6.140 |
| 1995 | 54.845 | 16.029 | 6.036 |
| 2000 | 57.974 | 16.091 | 5.665 |
| 2005 | 60.664 | 16.222 | 5.195 |
| 2010 | 62.597 | 16.651 | 4.896 |
| 2015 | 63.362 | 17.468 | 4.335 |
| 2020 | 62.706 | 18.407 | 4.170 |
| 2021 | 62.516 | 18.563 | 4.104 |
| 2022 | 63.068 | 18.718 | 4.036 |
| 2023 | 63.632 | 18.877 | 3.972 |
| 2024 | 63.835 | 19.039 | 3.912 |
| 2025 | 64.037 | 19.205 | 3.845 |
| Year | Total | Crude(per 1000) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Death | Birth | Crude death | Crude birth | |
| 1950 | 96,828 | 196,927 | 24.476 | 49.778 |
| 1955 | 105,426 | 219,728 | 23.480 | 48.936 |
| 1960 | 109,811 | 243,495 | 21.485 | 47.641 |
| 1965 | 112,863 | 265,221 | 19.395 | 45.578 |
| 1970 | 117,534 | 312,422 | 17.616 | 46.826 |
| 1975 | 127,823 | 366,601 | 16.516 | 47.368 |
| 1980 | 146,321 | 421,612 | 16.247 | 46.814 |
| 1985 | 163,339 | 467,544 | 15.656 | 44.813 |
| 1990 | 171,103 | 531,725 | 14.193 | 44.106 |
| 1995 | 174,756 | 625,012 | 12.437 | 44.481 |
| 2000 | 172,819 | 693,681 | 10.464 | 42.000 |
| 2005 | 168,476 | 736,608 | 8.793 | 38.446 |
| 2010 | 173,609 | 815,149 | 7.826 | 36.746 |
| 2015 | 189,711 | 858,677 | 7.461 | 33.771 |
| 2020 | 227,845 | 964,457 | 7.869 | 33.310 |
| 2021 | 235,762 | 977,163 | 7.940 | 32.911 |
| 2022 | 235,225 | 989,140 | 7.728 | 32.498 |
| 2023 | 234,841 | 1,001,244 | 7.528 | 32.095 |
| 2024 | 238,824 | 1,013,751 | 7.471 | 31.714 |
| 2025 | 242,781 | 1,023,320 | 7.415 | 31.255 |
| Year | Population | Urban (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urban | Rural | ||
| 1950 | 318,517 | 3,765,037 | 7.800 |
| 1955 | 414,442 | 4,129,100 | 9.122 |
| 1960 | 542,656 | 4,556,717 | 10.642 |
| 1965 | 714,199 | 5,055,019 | 12.379 |
| 1970 | 927,259 | 5,649,046 | 14.100 |
| 1975 | 1,234,215 | 6,321,811 | 16.334 |
| 1980 | 1,614,681 | 7,101,872 | 18.524 |
| 1985 | 2,106,614 | 7,956,881 | 20.933 |
| 1990 | 2,733,282 | 8,865,351 | 23.566 |
| 1995 | 3,476,130 | 9,999,270 | 25.796 |
| 2000 | 4,276,171 | 11,490,635 | 27.121 |
| 2005 | 5,283,543 | 13,053,181 | 28.814 |
| 2010 | 6,755,337 | 14,396,303 | 31.938 |
| 2015 | 8,528,793 | 15,705,295 | 35.193 |
| 2020 | 10,670,252 | 17,020,546 | 38.534 |
| 2021 | 11,145,081 | 17,281,025 | 39.207 |
| 2022 | 11,635,629 | 17,539,783 | 39.882 |
| 2023 | 12,141,777 | 17,796,275 | 40.556 |
| 2024 | 12,663,299 | 18,049,897 | 41.231 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | M per 100 F | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Persons | Share (%) | ||||
| 00-04 | 2,361,116 | 2,294,991 | 4,656,107 | 14.57 | 102.881 |
| 05-09 | 2,092,343 | 2,037,800 | 4,130,143 | 12.92 | 102.677 |
| 10-14 | 1,903,399 | 1,858,787 | 3,762,187 | 11.77 | 102.400 |
| 15-19 | 1,719,525 | 1,689,274 | 3,408,798 | 10.66 | 101.791 |
| 20-24 | 1,530,569 | 1,511,382 | 3,041,950 | 9.52 | 101.270 |
| 25-29 | 1,353,601 | 1,341,621 | 2,695,222 | 8.43 | 100.893 |
| 30-34 | 1,089,772 | 1,082,943 | 2,172,715 | 6.80 | 100.631 |
| 35-39 | 883,139 | 880,318 | 1,763,457 | 5.52 | 100.320 |
| 40-44 | 752,212 | 756,008 | 1,508,219 | 4.72 | 99.498 |
| 45-49 | 635,933 | 644,316 | 1,280,249 | 4.01 | 98.699 |
| 50-54 | 511,224 | 523,741 | 1,034,965 | 3.24 | 97.610 |
| 55-59 | 390,066 | 405,832 | 795,898 | 2.49 | 96.115 |
| 60-64 | 303,689 | 322,901 | 626,590 | 1.96 | 94.050 |
| 65-69 | 228,107 | 249,766 | 477,872 | 1.49 | 91.328 |
| 70-74 | 154,798 | 175,386 | 330,183 | 1.03 | 88.261 |
| 75-79 | 72,738 | 89,200 | 161,938 | 0.51 | 81.545 |
| 80-84 | 33,718 | 44,568 | 78,287 | 0.24 | 75.655 |
| 85-89 | 13,278 | 18,227 | 31,506 | 0.10 | 72.848 |
| 90-94 | 2,974 | 4,718 | 7,692 | 0.02 | 63.035 |
| 95-99 | 315 | 614 | 928 | 0.00 | 51.303 |
| 100+ | 15 | 35 | 50 | 0.00 | 42.857 |
| Total | 16,032,531 | 15,932,428 | 31,964,956 | 100.628 | |