List of South American countries by population

Source UN (World Population Prospects 2024)
Date26 Sep 2025

Brazil is the most populous country in South America. Brazil is the only South American country with a total number of humans above 100 million. Brazil holds close to 50% of the continent's population. Brazil is followed by Colombia, Argentina, Peru, and Venezuela. The top five countries together hold a huge 85.64% share of the South American population. As of 2025, eight countries have a population above 10 million. The least populous country in South America is Suriname. The Falkland Islands is the least populous region in South America. Four countries/dependent territories in South America have a population below one million.

Only one South American country is on the list of the top ten most populous countries globally, as it hosts Brazil, the world's 7th most populous country. On the other hand, four countries are within the top 50 world population ranking.

Out of 14 countries/territories, only Uruguay and the Falkland Islands would see a population decrease in 2025. Brazil would be the top contributor to the total population increment in 2025. Brazil accounts for 32% of the total population increase in South America. Brazil's population increased by 780k, followed by Colombia (525k).

French Guiana would have the highest population growth rate of 1.65% in 2025. Four countries/regions have a growth rate above 1%. Only three regions are in the list of the world's top 100 fastest-growing nations. Uruguay would have the lowest population growth rate of -0.12%.

In 1950, Argentina was the 2nd most populous country on the continent, ahead of current 2nd ranker Colombia. Colombia will remain the 2nd most populous country on the continent.

Suriname will remain the least populous country until 2100.

  • Population
  • Growth rate (%)
  • Choropleth Map
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Population (UN)

Code Country/Region Population Share (%) Rank Growth (2025) Growth Rank
20242025 S AmericaWorldS AmericaWorldNet%S AmericaWorld
ARGArgentina45,696,15945,851,37810.50.557335153,6750.3412156
BOLBolivia (Plurinational State of)12,413,31512,581,8432.870.153879168,0731.34277
BRABrazil211,998,573212,812,40548.62.5917779,4320.3711154
CHLChile19,764,77119,859,9214.530.24166689,6180.459144
COLColombia52,886,36353,425,63512.20.649228525,2190.985102
ECUEcuador18,135,47818,289,8964.170.222772154,1960.847113
FLKFalkland Islands (Malvinas)3,4703,4690.000790.0000414234-4-0.1214184
GUFFrench Guiana308,522313,6660.07160.00381131845,1631.65165
GUYGuyana831,087835,9860.1910.0102111664,8900.588134
PRYParaguay6,929,1537,013,0781.600.0852910883,0751.19387
PERPeru34,217,84834,576,6657.890.420447351,7201.024100
SURSuriname634,431639,8500.1460.00777121705,4640.856112
URYUruguay3,386,5883,384,6880.7730.041110134-2,016-0.0613176
VENVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)28,405,54328,516,8966.510.346553113,4700.4010152
South America 435,611,302 438,105,374 5.32 2,431,970 0.56

Estimated and Projected population (UN)

Code Country/Region 1950 2000 2050 2100
PopulationRankPopulationRankPopulation RankPopulationRank
ARGArgentina17,018,036237,213,984348,308,944338,255,9903
BOLBolivia (Plurinational State of)3,089,96988,606,326816,110,162817,760,5647
BRABrazil53,408,5511174,018,2821217,489,2991163,364,0641
CHLChile6,628,577515,503,635620,320,306713,430,6168
COLColombia11,766,988339,089,934259,385,357247,080,7642
ECUEcuador3,516,791712,689,206721,337,237619,092,1596
FLKFalkland Islands (Malvinas)2,190143,097143,176142,25214
GUFFrench Guiana23,39613160,62013471,91613775,23912
GUYGuyana418,03811764,83211940,60711888,95211
PRYParaguay1,504,344105,100,86898,640,46499,047,9899
PERPeru7,677,414426,598,331440,583,876438,163,3194
SURSuriname195,56512476,64312733,90412709,00513
URYUruguay2,234,41293,266,206103,254,354102,245,88710
VENVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)5,488,850624,526,708531,094,883528,280,5535
South America 112,973,121 348,018,671 468,674,488 379,097,351